The adoption of new technologies in construction will fundamentally affect the risk landscape for engineering insurance, sigma study says

• Global engineering insurance premiums for 2017 were estimated at around USD 21 billion, having stagnated in recent years
• While London remains an important centre for construction-related insurance, increasingly engineering risks are underwritten from international hubs in Singapore, Dubai and Miami.Underwriting performance has deteriorated recently, with premium rates declining and claims rising in some construction sectors
• New technologies could lead to significant improvements in efficiency including enhanced monitoring, mitigation and management of engineering-related risks. But they bring with them new risks such as cyber.
• Urbanisation, the replacement of ageing infrastructure and development of renewable energy sources should promote construction spending and in turn demand for engineering insurance.

Global engineering insurance premiums for 2017 were estimated at around USD 21 billion, but have stagnated in recent years according to the latest sigma study from the Swiss Re Institute. Underwriting performance has deteriorated recently, with premium rates declining and claims rising in some construction sectors. Urbanisation, the replacement of ageing infrastructure and development of renewable energy sources should all promote construction spending and engineering insurance demand. New technologies could also lead to significant improvements in efficiency including enhanced monitoring, mitigation and management of engineering-related risks, although they create new risks.

Comprehensive data on engineering premiums are lacking in the market. Based on an extensive research of available country-level sources, Swiss Re Institute estimates global engineering insurance premiums for 2017 were at around USD 21 billion. This represents roughly 3% of total commercial insurance premiums (around USD 730 billion in 2017). Around half of the market is accounted for by project insurance, which protects against risks incurred during construction or installation of plant, buildings and infrastructure.

After rising rapidly through most of the 2000s as construction activity in a number of developing countries soared, global engineering premiums have stagnated in recent years. Construction spending as a percent of GDP in many advanced markets remains below its pre-2008 financial crisis peak, while some key emerging markets are only slowly emerging from recent recessions. The EMEA region nonetheless continues to generate the largest share of global engineering premiums, mostly due to the popularity of operational covers such as machine breakdown and construction insurance (Figure 1 – lhs).

Structure of the engineering insurance market is evolving
Diversification for large, complex engineering risks is achieved via a combination of national (eg, retail) insurance and wholesale co-re/insurance subscription markets. While London remains an important centre for engineering and construction-related insurance, especially for high-value projects that are technically demanding to underwrite, increasingly engineering risks are being underwritten from the international hubs of Singapore, Dubai and Miami. Domestic brokers are especially active in arranging insurance for local construction projects, while international brokers play a key role for complex projects that require specialist expertise and/or those where foreign funding is involved.

Underwriting performance is deteriorating
Underwriting performance has deteriorated recently, with loss ratios edging higher and claims rising in some construction sectors due to lower quality control. Reported loss ratios likely understate the recent deterioration in underwriting profits. Because ultimate loss experience takes time to become fully developed, claim settlements are often delayed. Soft underwriting market conditions have also depressed engineering insurance pricing. Mike Mitchell, Head of Property & Specialty Underwriting at Swiss Re says, "Engineering premium rates have been declining for over a decade. Some engineering insurers' profit margins may already have been squeezed close to or below levels that are sustainable over the long term."

The growing use of new technologies in construction
The construction sector is beginning to adopt digital technology and processes. Start-up companies are an important part of the emerging innovation narrative. More than 400 constructech firms have formed since 2009, raising USD 2.9 billion in funding, many of which are focused on tools to improve construction management (Figure 2).

While the use of digital technology could lead to significant improvements in efficiency including enhanced monitoring, mitigation and management of engineering-related risks, Mitchell says, "Technology also affects the nature of existing risks and brings with it new risks such as cyber. Insurers could see the severity of claims increase even if the frequency of accidents continues to fall." Product and process innovation will help insurers respond to the evolving risk and competitive landscape. In a digitally-connected world, insurance may come to play more of a risk avoidance/mitigation role. This may ultimately require a more radical reconfiguration of engineering insurers' business models.

Market outlook for engineering insurance
Beyond technological innovation, the outlook for engineering insurance is heavily influenced by prospective growth in the world economy. The ongoing cyclical economic upswing in advanced and developing markets in the near term should stimulate construction activity and insurance demand. Also, structural adjustments such as urbanisation, the replacement of ageing infrastructure and the development of renewable energy sources should promote spending on construction. However, there is still uncertainty about how far some of these factors will translate into a material pick-up in premium growth.

Notes to editors

This year marks the 50th anniversary of sigma, Swiss Re's flagship and the insurance industry's leading research publication. Please visit the sigma 50 years section on the Swiss Re Institute website to find out more about the evolution of sigma, and the breadth and depth of the overall research offering from the Swiss Re Institute: Institute.swissre.com/sigma50years.

Swiss Re
The Swiss Re Group is one of the world’s leading providers of reinsurance, insurance and other forms of insurance-based risk transfer, working to make the world more resilient. It anticipates and manages risk – from natural catastrophes to climate change, from ageing populations to cyber crime. The aim of the Swiss Re Group is to enable society to thrive and progress, creating new opportunities and solutions for its clients. Headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland, where it was founded in 1863, the Swiss Re Group operates through a network of around 80 offices globally. It is organised into three Business Units, each with a distinct strategy and set of objectives contributing to the Group’s overall mission.

How to order this sigma study:
The English, German, French, and Spanish versions of the sigma No 2/2018, "Constructing the future: recent developments in engineering insurance".

Printed editions of sigma No 2/2018 in English, German, French and Spanish are available. The printed versions in Chinese and Japanese will be available in the near future. Please send your orders, complete with your full postal address, [email protected].