Exhibit 2: 2005 Mumbai flood and built environment changes

Socio-economic overview:

• Mumbai is the financial capital of India accounting for approximately 6.1% of the country’s GDP.
• Home to around 13 million people, it is one of the densest megacities with around 28000 individuals
  living per sq. km.

Flood risk profile:

• 90% of the city’s land surface is paved leaving little room for water seepage into the ground and
  produces fast runoff.
• Over last few decades, the city has expanded in suburban areas.
• Vulnerable to compounded risks of urban and coastal flooding, inadequate drainage and tidal backflows.

2005 flood event:

• Costliest event in India with 2,250 crore INR (USD 500 million) insured losses in 2005 prices and
  over 1000 fatalities.
• The July 2005 deluge was most severe, caused by 944 mm of rainfall in a day combined with high tides.
• A repeat of this event today would cost close to INR 20,000 crore (USD 2.3 billion) in terms of insured losses.